Friday, 13 November 2020

Turkmenistan has approved Rules for the protection of human life on water bodies


In Turkmenistan, the order of the Minister of internal Affairs No. 183 of September 16, 2020 approved the Rules for protecting the life and health of people in places of mass bathing located on the territory of the country.


The document was developed in accordance with the law of Turkmenistan "On internal Affairs bodies of Turkmenistan" and other regulatory legal acts and sets rules for protecting the life and health of people in places of mass bathing in hotels, recreation centers, coastal waters and other tourist sites located on the territory of Turkmenistan.

This document was registered by the Ministry of adalat of Turkmenistan on November 4, 2020 as No. 1411.

The full text of the document is available at the legal information center of the Ministry of adalat of Turkmenistan.

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Item numbers are not 'art' — they're nonsense, says Hamza Ali Abbasi


"You don't demean a woman on screen and call it art. It may be my opinion but then why aren't strip shows art? From a religious point of view and even a secular point of view, it's wrong," he concluded.


From cancelling his Netflix subscription to voicing his thoughts on sexual harassment, Hamza Ali Abbasi is known for his bold comments that may or may not sit well with people. 


Recently, in an interview regarding the release of his upcoming movie The Legend Of Maula Jatt, the actor once again weighed in — this time on item songs and their prevalence in the mainstream media.

"Why are item numbers so bad?" the interviewer questioned, referring to a previous comment Abbasi had made, making his objection obvious post the release of his film Jawani Phir Nahi Ani.

From cancelling his Netflix subscription to voicing his thoughts on sexual harassment, Hamza Ali Abbasi is known for his bold comments that may or may not sit well with people.

Recently, in an interview regarding the release of his upcoming movie The Legend Of Maula Jatt, the actor once again weighed in — this time on item songs and their prevalence in the mainstream media.

"Why are item numbers so bad?" the interviewer questioned, referring to a previous comment Abbasi had made, making his objection obvious post the release of his film Jawani Phir Nahi Ani.

"Let me ask you, what could be wrong where dance moves are based upon the utter objectification of the woman who is dancing?" he asked sarcastically in return, when questioned if his reservations were because of them being un-Islamic in nature.

“A song which focuses on the sexual appeal of the woman, the lyrics also focus on the sexual appeal of the woman and it comes on television and circulates on social media for children to watch — what do you think could be wrong with that? Obviously it is wrong!"

The Waar actor went on to say that such dances have a massive negative global impact on mainstream media.

"We don't need it. It's the lowest form of art to take clothes off a woman. It's not art, it's nonsense. It has had a negative impact on our country. Even India and Bollywood are distancing themselves from it. It's considered a B-grade type of content."

Abbasi took the moment to appreciate Rajkumar Hirani's 3 Idiots for being a movie he loved, without any "obscene" songs in it.

"You don't demean a woman on screen and call it art. It may be my opinion but then why aren't strip shows art? From a religious point of view and even a secular point of view, it's wrong," he concluded.

"I don't know why we've come to a point where we can sit with our families and watch this!" he said in disdain, acknowledging that while some may call him conservative, there will be some who will agree with him. "That's how the world is," he laughed.

In the first part of the interview, Hamza discussed television and its impact on those around him.

"TV has this massive reach in Pakistan that cinemas don't," accepted Hamza, owing his popularity to Pyarey Afzal. The actor, however, said he does not regard himself as a 'celebrity'.

"I don't define myself as a celebrity but as someone who did some projects. People recognise me from my face and that's all. I think I can call myself a public personality though because I'm known for other things as well, such as my religious opinions."

Concluding, brimming with praise for his co-actor Fawad Khan, he also mentioned how The Legend of Maula Jatt would be his last film for a long time, given the many other projects he is occupied with.

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Peshawar High Court Chief Justice Waqar Ahmad Seth dies of Covid-19


Peshawar High Court (PHC) Chief Justice Waqar Ahmad Seth, passed away on Thursday at the age of 59, days after contracting the coronavirus and being shifted to a private hospital in Islamabad.


Justice Seth had tested positive for the coronavirus on October 22 and was subsequently admitted to a hospital in Peshawar, a protocol officer of the high court, Zubair Hussain, told.

He was later shifted to the Kulsoom International Hospital in Islamabad, where he succumbed to the virus, Hussain added. He leaves behind a wife and a daughter.

The funeral prayers will be offered on November 13 at the old Army Stadium ground in Peshawar at 2:30pm.

Justice Seth, who took oath as the PHC's top judge in June 2018, has presided over a number of high-profile cases, with one of his important judgments being the acquittal of 74 convicts of military courts, most of whom were awarded death sentences.

On December 17, 2019, the PHC chief justice while heading a special court had handed down the death sentence to former president retired Gen Pervez Musharraf in the high treason case for imposing emergency in the country on November 3, 2007.

The judgment was termed historical by legal circles as it was the first time a former military ruler was sentenced to death for abrogation of the Constitution.

Condolences pour in

Condolence messages started pouring minutes after news of Justice Seth's demise was aired on the media.

Prime Minister Imran Khan said he was saddened to learn of the passing of the PHC chief justice. "My condolences & prayers go to his family," he tweeted.

Army chief General Qamar Javed Bajwa expressed grief over his demise and condoled with the bereaved family, the ISPR tweeted.

Speaker of the National Assembly Asad Qaider said he was deeply saddened by the Justice Seth's demise and prayed for the departed soul.

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Mahmood Khan also expressed sorrow and extended sympathies to the bereaved family.

"You will be alive in history & remembered as a hero," tweeted PML-N vice-president Maryam Nawaz.

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Nawaz trying to create rifts in army, says PM Imran Khan


Prime Minister Imran Khan on Thursday said that PML-N supremo Nawaz Sharif was trying to create rifts in the armed forces by encouraging army personnel to "rebel against" the military leadership.


The premier was referring to Nawaz's recent speeches in public meetings of his party and the 11-party opposition alliance — Pakistan Democratic Movement — where he accused the security establishment of orchestrating his ouster. He had named Army Chief Gen Qamar Javed Bajwa and director general of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Lt Gen Faiz Hameed during his speech in PDM's Gujranwala rally and said that there was "a state above the state".

In an interview aired on GNN today, Prime Minister Imran said: "When they say that the [military leadership] is bad and the rest of the army is good; is army a democratic party that would move a no-confidence motion? You (Nawaz) are telling the army to launch a coup, to rebel [against the leadership]. Can there be a bigger [form of] treason?"

"A person who is sitting outside in a Mayfair luxury flat bought with stolen money is telling the army [personnel] to rebel. He is also trying to drive a wedge in the judiciary by taking the name of one judge saying he is good while another, who was a chief justice and gave the Panama judgement against him (Nawaz), was a bad judge."

PM Imran said that Nawaz was encouraging his supporters to stand up against the government while "sitting abroad like a coward". The PML-N supremo and his daughter, the prime minister said, had stayed silent initially because they were trying to secure an NRO by sending their people to hold talks through backdoor channels.

"After the FATF legislation [was passed], they realised that they would not be given a way out and they started attacking me. Now they have started to attack the army and judiciary," said the prime minister, adding that preventing Pakistan from being placed on the FATF's black list was a matter of national importance, yet the opposition wanted to block the legislation until its members were granted relief.

When asked if the government would take up a treason case against Nawaz, the prime minister did not give a clear answer and said: "Treason cases are hard to prove."

He said that he had information on Nawaz's activities but added that "court cases cannot be filed on agencies' reports".

The prime minister went on to say that former ambassador to the United States Hussain Haqqani was "running Nawaz's communication strategy".

"Look at Hussain Haqqani; who doesn't know what he is doing abroad along with the Indian lobby. His entire communication strategy is anti-army. 'Pakistan army is evil, Imran Khan is a puppet'. Whose narrative is this? India is saying the same things," PM Imran said and added that India wanted to "discredit and break Pakistan into three pieces; this is the stated policy of their think tanks".

"Why is he (Nawaz) so popular in India today?" asked the prime minister. "Imran Khan is a Bollywood villain but Nawaz is a democrat. The person who grew up in Ziaul Haq's lap is a democrat today, while Imran Khan who started his party from scratch, who mobilised people to come to power is an army puppet!

"Nawaz Sharif suits India, not Imran Khan."

The premier recalled that after swearing oath, he had said that the interests of opposition politicians are opposite to those of the country's. That statement, PM Imran said, was being proven true.

When asked if he can be pressured by other states who had aided Pakistan, the prime minister evaded the question. He, however, said that it had "killed my self-esteem and ego when I went to ask for aid".

"What angers me is that they (opposition politicians) established a lavish lifestyle for themselves while they ran the country on loans," he said.

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Thursday, 12 November 2020

Importance of organizational behavior in Pakistan, top challenges and best practices


Munaza Kazmi


Organization Behavior can be defined as a subcategory of management activities dedicated to understanding, estimating and inspiring the behavior of an individual in the organization. Hence, it is a systematic approach that interprets how individuals and groups act and perform within the organization.


The study of organization behavior has its roots back in 1920’s and got attention among business and management studies reasoning its numerous reimbursements to increasing performance of the companies. Moreover, this topic provides the best answers of which people have been experimenting for decades.

 

Likewise, why an employee behaves in a particular pattern and situation? What are the elements that aid in enhancing one’s performance, satisfaction and commitment at work? Performance evaluation system and different leadership and management styles that can enrich the organization setting. 


Moreover, organization behavior is regarded as the foundation of corporate human resource. Literature witness its miracles on the everyday business, so let’s discuss this subject’s importance in Pakistan.


Pakistan the largest Islamic state and one of the fastest developing country, housing a million of organization, from national to global indeed. So, how could not the organization behavior would impact the performance of the entities within? The importance can be imagined….


When a country house different societies and nations obviously the factor of diversity come along, which is no doubt a good opportunity but with it brings big challenges as well, since it would be dealing with cross cultured people, who surely brought with them their own set of values and attitudes. 


Therefore, the organizations that can cope with this factor of diversity and adopt a positive approach are likely to be more productive. It is the organization behavior that assist the managers in seeing the value of workforce diversity and responding to chance and globalization.


The subject is concerned with how to enhance growth, to deal with the growing concern of turnover and absenteeism among new generation the most, and related issues of enhancing involvement and job satisfaction. 


Here we can take the example of Telenor Pakistan, one of the largest telecommunication company of Pakistan that follows the organization behavior rules. 


Moreover, it is said to have the most satisfied and happy employees since they provide a quality working environment, let’s say the employees can enjoy work with leisure, they have a comfortable lounge in which one can take this laptop, so no need to stay all day in that mini, dull compartment.


Further, in plain words organization behavior can help the entities in enhancing the productivity and quality, empowering and enriching people. It provides the lesson of investing in the employees, since happy employees are guarantee of good business and satisfied customers.

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Biden victory to push China closer to Russia, Japanese expert says


In the coming years the world will see continued strategic rivalry between the US and China, according to the expert


TOKYO, NOV 2020 - Joe Biden’s presumptive victory in the US presidential election will encourage further strategic rapprochement between Russia and China, Senior Research Fellow at Japan’s Sasakawa Peace Foundation Taisuke Abiru told on Wednesday.

"The Donald Trump administration labels China as a US strategic rival," the expert noted. Washington has been consistently carrying out a tough policy on China. This line is unlikely to change under Biden. In the coming years we will see continued strategic rivalry between the US and China," according to the expert.

"In other words, China will still face a tough situation in its relations with the US, what will push it closer to Russia. The relations with Russia will be more important for Beijing as well as the relations with China for Russia, which will remain under US sanctions. This trend is likely to continue under Biden," he noted.

The Japanese expert believes that currently there are no prospects of ironing out the territorial issue between Tokyo and Moscow. "It’s hard to expect any sharp progress here," he noted. "However, in the mid-term and in the longer term Japan will seek to improve ties with Russia and sign a peace treaty based on the solution to the territorial issue." According to the expert, Biden’s victory in the US presidential election is unlikely to have a significant impact on this situation.

Though the vote count is still underway, major US media outlets project that the Democratic contender has presumptively won the presidential election. Both Fox News and Associated Press have put Biden over the top, beyond the needed 270 vote threshold. Trump is challenging the current outcome, claiming irregularities in the ballot processing in key swing states, and has filed lawsuits to fight his case in court.

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Karachi court grants pre-arrest bail to cleric accused of solemnising marriage of underage girl Arzoo


A cleric, who is nominated in a case pertaining to the alleged abduction, forced conversion and marriage of underage girl Arzoo Raja, was granted pre-arrest bail on Thursday by a local court against a surety of Rs50,000.


Qazi Abdul Rasool received interim bail until November 16 after he approached the court earlier today. He is accused of officiating the marriage of Arzoo Raja, a teenaged Christian girl who was allegedly abducted before being forcefully converted and married to a Muslim man. The case is currently being heard by a local court, while another case for Arzoo's custody is underway in the Sindh High Court (SHC).

In his bail application, Rasool said that the allegations levelled against him by Arzoo's father were based on "mala fide intentions with ulterior motives". He denied being involved in any illegal actions or committing any offence.

Rasool told the court that Arzoo and Ali Azhar — who she had been married to — came to him on October 13 with their lawyers to contract a marriage. The cleric said that Arzoo had also produced an affidavit — which was attested by a Justice of Peace — saying that the teenager was entering the marriage of her own free will. She also had a certificate of embracing Islam which had been issued by a Mufti.

He said that he had solemnised the marriage after going through the documents presented by the parties. Rasool also said that he had been told that Arzoo was 18 years of age when she left her parents' house. Earlier this week, a medical board constituted by the SHC had found that the victim was 14 years old.

The cleric said that there were chances of his "illegal arrest" by the police and urged the court to grant him bail. Earlier, police had told the court that Rasool, along with two others, was on the run.

Rasool said that the sections invoked in the first information report did not apply to him as he had solemnised the marriage "as per the Shariah law" and alleged that the police were trying to arrest him in the false case in collusion with the complainant by raiding his house and office continuously.

Key accused sent on judicial remand

Meanwhile, another local court sent Azhar, Arzoo's purported husband, to jail on judicial remand after the investigating officer (IO) said that the suspect's physical remand was no longer required. Azhar was produced before Judicial Magistrate (South) Muhammad Ali Dall after his physical remand had expired.

During the hearing, Azhar's counsel Advocate Muhammad Nizar Tanoli argued that the entire proceedings of the matter were against the fundamental principles of Islam, as Arzoo herself had stated before the SHC that she had not been abducted.

Advocate Muhammad Riaz Abbasi and Luke Victor, who appeared on behalf of the petitioner — Arzoo's father — as well as the state prosecutor Abdul Rehman Thaheem supported the submissions of the investigating officer and requested for passing the appropriate order.

After hearing arguments from the counsel of both parties and pursuing the case record, the judge remanded Azhar to judicial custody with the direction to produce him before the court on November 16. The IO was told to file an investigation report on the next date.

Case details

In the FIR of the case registered on the complaint of Arzoo's father, Raja, he claims that on October 13, he and his wife went to work while their son Shahbaz had gone to school.

Raja said his three daughters, including Arzoo, were present at their home in Karachi's Railway Colony when he received a call from a relative, who told him that Arzoo was missing.

Raja said he reached home and contacted his neighbours, but could not trace his daughter. He subsequently lodged a case regarding the abduction of his daughter against unknown persons at the Frere Police Station.

Arzoo's family members earlier this month told Dawn that her purported husband Azhar lived in a house opposite theirs along with his family and he was at least 45-years-old.

"The rascal who abducted her has prepared fake papers to show that she is 18-years-old,” her mother said.

Police had booked Azhar and arrested his brothers, Syed Shariq Ali, Syed Mohsin Ali, and a friend, Danish, for allegedly abducting the underage girl, purportedly forcibly converting her and marrying her to a Muslim man.

However, Arzoo had sought a court injunction against the registration of an FIR against her spouse and in-laws by her family at the Frere Police Station by filing a constitutional petition in the SHC.

She submitted in the petition that she converted to Islam of her free will and also asked her family members to embrace Islam but they refused.

On November 2, an SHC bench had taken up a petition filed by the girl's father and had directed the police to recover her and shift her to a shelter home. Police subsequently recovered the girl on the same day and shifted her to a shelter home.

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Qatar Airways adds new destinations to global network


Qatar Airways resume flights and increase services to several destinations in the coming weeks, the carrier has announced.


The Middle Eastern airline will fly to Algiers twice a week from November 13th, with Chicago to follow, with nine flights a week starting from November 15th.

In between, on November 14th, a twice weekly service to Miami will resume, while there will also be 14 flights a week to New York.

Next month, Kiev will welcome three flights a week from December 18th, two flights a week will depart for Phuket from December 4th, with three flights a week for Seychelles and Warsaw from December 15th and December 16th, respectively.

The national carrier of the Qatar will also launch two new destinations in December with one weekly flight to Luanda, Angola starting from December 14th and four weekly flights to San Francisco from December 15th.

Qatar Airways Group, chief executive, Akbar Al Baker, said: “We are delighted to continue rebuilding our network, resuming routes and adding new destinations.

“We have made it our priority to not only restart most of our existing destinations as soon as possible but also to launch new routes.

“With more than 700 weekly flights currently to just over 100 destinations, and plans to increase our network to more than 125 destinations by the end of the IATA winter season, our passengers will enjoy more options to travel when they want across the globe, safely and reliably.”

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Knot art of Pakistani national flower displayed in Beijing


BEIJING, NOV 12 - Knot art of Pakistani national flower displayed at the ongoing China Knot Art Exhibition in Beijing, Gwadar Pro reported on Thursday.


At the exhibition, mainly knot arts of national flowers of BRI countries, weaved by Chinese traditional artists, are on display. Jasmine as Pakistani national flower is the main exhibit.

Knot art originated from 4,000 years ago and has shined in Chinese traditional culture. “Weaving Pakistani national flower with traditional Chinese handicraft is a union between the cultures of the two countries.

Our traditional craftsmen pay tribute to the friendship between Pakistan and China in the form of art,” said Zhang Lei, speaker of the exhibition organizer.

Yang Feixue, the Curator of Datong Costume Culture and History Museum, introduced jasmine means affablility and elegance, “weaving it with knot art also expresses our recognition of the characters of Pakistani people.”

“The birth of a knot art work needs to go through 28 complicated processes. It took craftsmen several months to weave the knot art work of jasmine.

This traditional handicraft is on the verge of extinction, thus we want to record the friendship between Pakistan and China with it,” Yang said.

She added, weaving and displaying the BRI national flower series aims to link Chinese traditional culture with world culture, let Chinese intangible cultural heritage go abroad, and express our best wishes to the harmonious development of all countries.

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COMSTECH confers awards on OIC Scientists


ISLAMABAD, NOV 12 - COMSTECH conferred awards in the categories of basic sciences and excellence in science and technology to the award laureates from Algeria, Egypt, Iran, and Turkey in a ceremony held yesterday evening at COMSTECH.


The award shields and certificates were presented to the Ambassadors of the respective countries by the Coordinator General, COMSTECH Prof. Dr. M. Iqbal Choudhary.


  1. E. Mr. Ibrahim Said, Deputy Head of Mission, Embassy of Egypt, received the awards on behalf of Egyptian award winners. H.E. Mr. Amrane Foudil, Deputy Head of Mission, Embassy of Algeria received the award on behalf of Algerian award winner, and H. E. Mrs. Esra Sen, Deputy Head of Mission, Embassy of Turkey, received the award on behalf of Turkish award winner.

COMSTECH decided in 1996 to institute science awards to recognize outstanding research work carried out by the scientists who are citizens of, and working in, OIC member states. Each award carries a certificate, shield of honor and a cash prize. These awards are conferred upon the recipients by H.E. President of Pakistan (Chairman COMSTECH).

In the category of basic sciences COMSTECH awards in four basic fields; Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, and Physics. Each award carries a cash prize of US$ 5000.

Dr. Ramy Karam Aziz Henein of Egypt won the basic sciences award in biology and Dr. Engin Umut Akkaya of Turkey, in Chemistry.

Best Young Researcher Award, Best Scientific Book Award, Award for Patent, and Best Research Paper Award are conferred under the category of excellence in science and technology. Each award carries a cash prize along with a shield of honor and a certificate of recognition.

Dr. Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen of Turkey and Dr. Farrokh Aminifar of Iran won the young researcher award. The Best Scientific Book award won by Dr. Salah Sabry Ahmed Obayya, Patent Award won Dr. Ibrahim El-Sherbiny, Best Research Paper in Biology award won by Dr. Maha Nasr Sayed Aly, and the Best Research Paper in Chemistry award won by Dr. Mohamed H. Alkordi, of Egypt. The Best Research Paper in Physics award won by Dr. Abdelaali Boudjemaa of Algeria.

Since the inception, 41 scientists from Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Turkey and Uzbekistan, have won these prestigious COMSTECH international science awards.

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The Charter of Democracy is a joke of democracy!


Political parties all over the world strive to bring democracy in the country by bringing democracy within themselves, but all our major political parties continue to sing the tune of democracy without having democracy within them. 


The situation of the two major political parties in the country, the PML-N and the PPP, is that the PPP is the fiefdom of the Bhutto family and the Nawaz league Sharif family. The PPP and the Nawaz League have never had internal elections since their inception, yet the tune of democracy is unleashed. 


Democracy is not just about elections and the acquisition of power, but our political parties are just about gaining power. They use names, take turns in the name of the Charter of Democracy and promise to protect each other, this open political hypocrisy is harming democracy instead of benefiting it, but those who undermine democracy are not shying away from singing the hymns of democracy, but the people have rejected them.


Opposition parties are once again talking about a new Charter of Democracy. The PDM has decided that a new Charter is needed to bring true democracy to the country. One Charter of Democracy was also reached in London and now another Charter is being announced in Islamabad. In Pakistan, the Charter of Democracy can only be called a deal at most,because here all political and governmental matters are decided through a deal.

Democracy in Pakistan is the same as the Charter of Democracy, it is nothing but protection of each other, the Charter of Democracy is being mocked here. What could be more abusive in a democracy than accusing each other of trying to derail the car of democracy, while everyone is playing politics in the same car and what a successful politics it is? Even after derailment, the vehicle of democracy is moving.

Dictatorship in the country is not a threat to democracy, but democracy is a threat to the political leadership, because the so-called political contractors of democracy have been inviting dictatorship. At the moment, the new charter of democracy by the opposition parties is not for the sake of democratic stability and the people, but is a political ploy to keep the opposition political parties in the PDM and to end the differences.

If the opposition is really in the throes of democracy, then agree on a new Charter of Democracy that aims not only to save the politics and heritage of a few families, rather it should have a clear roadmap for strengthening democracy in the country along with civilian supremacy, so that not only the interference of undemocratic forces in the political process is eliminated on a permanent basis, but also this democracy has benefited millions of people of the country. 

The axis of this new charter of Democracy should be the oppressed creatures of the country which is commonly called the people, but it may not be so, because the people have never been a priority for the opposition and the government.

The two main opposition parties have taken power three times. One party is still ruling in Sindh province. The leadership of both the parties has looted the national treasury instead of solving the problems of the people. People are only used to voted and chant slogans in rallies. 

More than 60 million people in the country are still living in poverty. The new wave of Coronavirus is further increasing the number of patients; about 25 million children are deprived of education and more than 40%of children are malnourished, 80% of the population does not have access to safe drinking water, people are forced to sell their blood, kidneys, even their children due to poverty, even after reaching such modality, the people want to see what Bilawal Bhutto, Maryam Nawaz and other public welfare claimants do in the new Charter of Democracy. So, fulfill your passion, they will not be able to do anything.

People are rejecting the charters of the opposition parties which are an obstacle in the accountability process of those who looted national resources.The abundance of information has told the people that their hard-earned money is being looted and taken abroad by corrupt politicians.

Under the guise of investment, the national economy is toyed with and its commission is squandered. The people are disgusted with the tried and tested hereditary political leadership because the internal structure of political parties itself is deprived of democratic values. On the contrary, political parties will never be able to play their democratic role as long as nominations continue on the basis of likes and dislikes instead of party elections. 

Pakistan’s political history shows that whether it is a matter of forming a political alliance or an agreement like the Charter of Democracy, the ruling classes have been looking for a way to fulfill their aspirations by forgetting the aspirations of the people. The people of Pakistan are democrats. 

They prefer a peaceful and civilized way of transferring power, but do not like the fact that political parties try to overthrow the elected government in the name of the Charter of Democracy. The people will never tolerate the mockery of democracy in the name of the Charter of Democracy. If democracy is really to be strengthened in the country, then the Charter of Democracy must be brought in line with the will of the people, which political parties will never bring.


Written by

Attiya Munawer

A freelance columnist, essayist and blogger, pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Environmental Science from Lahore College for Women University (LCWU), Lahore.

Attiabutt121@gmail.com

Twitter: @AttiyaMunawer

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