Sunday, 13 December 2020
OSLO – If you’ve heard the saying that Norwegians were born with skis on their feet, it may not come as a surprise that the country is a nation of skiers.
From the de facto national sport, cross country skiing, to alpine (downhill), to ski-jumping, and beyond, Norway seems to have championed them all!
But how did such a small nation get so good at this sport, and why are they so obsessed with it?
The answer lies in the climate, their ancestors, and their connection to nature.
While the origins of skiing can be traced to China, the earliest evidence of skiing in Norway is a rock carving estimated to be around 6000 years old.
Discovered in 2001 and known as the Bøla Man, the carving shows a human on skis with one pole in his hand.
The single pole is thought to have been used as a paddle, demonstrating that skiing was already prevalent at this time.
A second carving known as the Rødøy Man was discovered in 1933 and is dated to 2000 BC. The carving depicts a figure on skis.
It became the inspiration for a worldwide sporting event, as we will see later.
793 – 1066: The Vikings and Old Norse
Did you know that the term “ski” comes from the Old Norse word, “skíð,” meaning cleft wood?
Outside of pillaging, the Vikings found some time to worship the many Norse Gods and Goddesses.
Among them were Ullr and the giantess Skadi, both of whom are documented in Norse folklore for their skiing ability.
In reality, heavy snowfall meant that skiing was a necessary means of transport during the Viking Age.
A good area for hunting was high up in the mountains, but there was only one way down, which required skilled navigation.
The Vikings combined elements of alpine and jumping to ensure a safe descent from their hunts.
1204: The Prince and the Birch Legs
Fast-forward 138 years, and a civil war is now raging between two groups, the Baglers and the Birkebeins.
The name Birkebeins, meaning “birch legs,” was intended to be negative – referring to their use of birch bark as proper footwear, indicating their low status.
They supported the ruling King Haakon Sverressons and appointed him the leader of their group.
When he died, the king’s new-born son and heir to the Norwegian throne, Håkon Håkonsson, became a target for the Baglers.
Worried about the infant in danger, a group of Birkebeiners planned to carry young Håkon to safety on skis, but only the two best skiers could go due to bad weather.
Together, they completed a treacherous 54km journey and secured Håkon’s ascent to the throne.
This piece of history is commemorated by the annual skiing event, Birkebeinerrennet.
All participants carry a backpack weighing 3.5 kg, symbolizing the weight of the infant.
In 2015, the event came full circle when Norway’s Crown Prince Haakon became the first member of the royal family to participate in the race.
You can find out how he got on here!
The 1800s: Norway gets modern
Although records exist from the Danish-Norwegian army of military ski exercises, it was not until the 1800s that civilians took up skiing for leisure.
The oldest officially recognized ski race for civilians is considered «Veddeløb paa Ski» (Betting Run on Skis), which took place in Tromsø in 1843.
From this date onwards, its popularity exploded across Norway, and the first ski club was founded shortly after.
Around the same time, a new type of skiing emerged from the county Telemark.
This modern technique is attributed to Sondre Norheim, dubbed the Father of Skiing for his pioneering skills and technical innovations that would later propel Norway onto the world stage of skiing.
1905: New rulers
Following independence from Sweden in 1905, the Norwegian government identified suitable candidates for the Norwegian Crown.
It had been over 500 years since Norway had had its own king.
After some discussions, the Danish Prince Haakon VII and his English wife, Princess Maud, emerged as the new King and Queen of Norway.
Aware of the need to adapt to a new country and much to the delight of Norwegians, they quickly found a cross-country skiing instructor as well as a friend in the explorer, Fridtjof Nansen.
The Royal couple instilled their love for the sport in their son, Crown Prince Olav.
He is fondly remembered as Norway’s Ski King and, on two occasions, he even took part in the Holmenkollen ski jump competition!
1924 and 1994: Winter Olympics
Winning a total of four gold medals in skiing, Norway proved victorious in the first Winter Olympics hosted by France.
Since then, the country has gone on to win the Games an additional eight times, more than any other country in the world.
A total of 70 years after the first competition, it was Norway’s turn to host. Remember the rock carving of the Rødøy Man? That was the inspiration for the pictograms for each sport, designed to highlight their proud heritage.
1943: The heroes of Telemark
In April 1940, the Nazis invaded neutral Norway and, a month later, seized Vemork hydroelectric power plant in Telemark.
The facility became the basis for initial research into atomic bomb production, which caused growing concern among allied forces.
Britain formed the Linge Company, a group of talented Norwegians, to undertake raids against the Nazis.
One such raid would be the plant.
A failed mission by Britain to detonate the facility had already resulted in 41 deaths.
Determined, they called on the Linge Company for help, and Operation Swallow/Gunnerside was born.
Both operations succeeded, but with 2,800 Nazis in pursuit, the groups had to escape quickly.
By sunrise, the saboteurs were well clear, five of whom skied cross-country for 14 days, covering 280 miles before reaching neutral Sweden.
Conclusion
With such a long history, skiing is entrenched in the Norwegian way of life.
Although the participation for leisure purposes is less, Norwegians remain proud of their heritage, and Norway’s athletes remain at the top of their game.
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COURTESY NORWAY TODAY
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ISLAMABAD, DEC 13 - The Italian Ambassador to Pakistan, Andreas Ferrarese said here on Sunday that he perceived more trade potential between Pakistan and Italy in different sectors of the economy that would help evolve trade equilibrium between both the sides.
“Both the sides want equilibrium and to achieve trade balance as
currently, Pakistan had a trade surplus in bilateral trade with Italy as
was observed in FY 2019-20,” the ambassador said.
Replying to a question he said Pakistan exports to Italy were US $
731million during 2019-20 while Pakistan’s major exports to Italy
included textile, leather, rice, ethanol, including textiles articles,
sets, worn clothing, Cotton ,apparel, crocheted, Cereals, raw hides and
skins, leather, beverages, spirits and vinegar, Plastics, footwear and
gaiters.
The ambassador said in FY 2019-20, Pakistan’s imports from Italy stood
at US $ 521 million and included ships, boats, and other floating
structures, machinery, pharmaceutical product, aircraft, spacecraft,
electrical, electronic equipment, Organic chemicals, iron and steel,
miscellaneous chemical products, optical, photo, technical and medical
apparatus. He said currently, Italy was providing technical assistance
in textiles, leather and marble sectors.
The Ambassador, Andreas Ferrarese said his government prioritized to
enhance bilateral trade between Pakistan and Italy to its full potential
of US $ five billion annually in the next three years from current US $
1.7 billion. He said dairy and livestock, olives and olive products,
plastics, processed food and construction sector were the areas where
Italy could extend its cooperation with Pakistan. The Pak-Italy Joint
Economic Commission was the forum for bilateral economic engagement and
was expected to meet in Rome in the last quarter of this year.
While replaying about the expectation of Preferential Trade Agreement
(PTA) between Pakistan and Italy, he said Italy was in European Union
(EU) countries adding, “We are fully supporting Pakistan in Generalized
Scheme of Preferences (GSP+) status in every review.” He informed that
Pakistan has a share of 10 percent of trade with Italy in the whole
contribution with EU countries and in future both sides would extend
more cooperation in trade and economy.
The ambassador informed that Italy has become the largest contributor
from the EU in home remittances to Pakistan. He said in FY 2019-20, it
registered 29 percent growth which was far higher than our national
growth in remittances. He said Pakistani workers contributed US $ 142.9
million in home remittances in FY 2019-20, and US $ 111 million in
2018-19. He said Italy was the eigth largest economy of the world with
US $ two trillion Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Italy has the third largest economy in the European Union (EU) after
Germany and France and Pakistan`s 9th top export destination, he added.
He said Italy has the largest Pakistani diaspora in the EU. Ambassador
Ferrarese said the construction for the new embassy was underway and his
priority task was to supervise the new under-construction Italian
embassy in the diplomatic area and speed up the process.
He said a new economic mission would also be established in Pakistan to
enhance trade and economic connectivity with Pakistan. The ambassador
said, “I want to open up a cultural centre, maybe in one part of the new
embassy, and promote Italian cuisine, art, paintings, music so that the
Pakistanis can know more about Italy.” He said that he was appointed
about nine months ago when coronavirus was at its peak. Replying to a
question, he said his predecessor, Stefano Pontecorvo, was a seasoned
economist and he tried his best to enhance the overall volume of
bilateral trade.
He set a good example and standards for boosting the economic and trade
relation between both of the countries. He said COVID-19 wasted our
efforts and then he had to start afresh to give a quantum jump to the
bilateral trade between Pakistan and Italy. Ambassador Ferrarese has
many out of the box ideas in-store to promote bilateral, trade and
cultural relations between Pakistan and Italy. He also stressed the need
for the importance of cultural connectivity to promote trade and said
that he would encourage exchange of students to further strengthen
bilateral relations.
Replying to a question about his family, he said that his father and
mother were educationists; his father was a professor of history and his
mother a professor of financial economy. He started that his foreign
services career was started at the age of 26 from the department of
Economic Affairs, Italy looking after the Asia region.
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ISLAMABAD: British High Commissioner to Pakistan Christian Turner has Congratulated Pakistan for its global leadership on Climate Action under Prime Minister Imran Khan’s leadership.
In a series of tweets on Sunday, he said, Pakistan is leading the way on Climate Action by announcing no new coal power projects and with – 1 percent of global emissions but 5th most affected country.
He said we are working together to tackle the threats of Climate Change.
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LAHORE, DEC 13 – Daraz – the largest online shopping platform in Pakistan – is about to host the year end 12.12 sale. After a successful run with 11.11, they are shifting gears to make sure that all customers make the most out of the sale with a seamless experience.
The platform has partnered with TCS to provide convenience to customers through FREE SHIPPING on bulky orders on products including air conditioners, refrigerators, televisions and a lot more high value items which are available for up to 49% off from 12th-18th December exclusively on the Daraz App.
For an accelerated customer experience for customers, Daraz has also increased visibility by making timelines more transparent for the customer by providing updates regarding when the item has been shipped and how long it will take to reach the customer.
Harris Jamali – CEO, TCS commented, “TCS has been serving Daraz in Pakistan almost since its inception and our partnership is based on mutual respect and collaboration. As true pioneers and market leaders in our respective spheres, we are both focused on pushing each other to new heights with the joint goal of strengthening not only our relationship but also the broader e-commerce ecosystem in the country and beyond.”
Both companies have a deep focus on providing the best customer experience and are confident that the added discounts on large orders will help customers. During the largest year end sale, customers will benefit significantly from TCS’s nationwide network coupled with Daraz’ 15 million plus assortment.
In an effort to provide further ease to customers while still offering discounts and ease in deliveries, Daraz has scaled up its team by adding 300 care champs to handle the high influx of customers during the 12.12 sale. This will further allow customers to have their queries resolved quickly.
Ehsan Saya, Managing Director Daraz Pakistan, spoke about how the platform is enveloping their customers in a complete experience. “Customer experience is our #1 priority – discounts, assortment size, delivery speed, all of those are done in order to ensure the customer has a pleasant experience on our platform. TCS has been by our side through thick and thin – and we are so excited to further invest in our relationship by offering customers free shipping on their large orders – we are confident this will further improve the experience for our customers..”
The year-end sale is just days away from its launch which will bring many flash sales, mega deals, engagement games, lucky draws and staggering discounts for the people of Pakistan. This 12.12 sale is all about making the customer experience and their journey seamless.
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At least 25 people were injured in an explosion near the Ganj Mandi police station in Rawalpindi on Sunday, rescue officials said.
Initial reports suggested that it was a hand grenade attack but City Police Officer (CPO) Rawalpindi Mohammad Ahsan Younas said that the nature of the blast cannot be ascertained as yet.
The CPO noted that it was the second attack near a police station in 10 days. On December 4, one man was killed and seven other people were injured in a blast carried out using an improvised explosive device near Pir Wadhai police station.
CPO Younas said today that there were reports of terror plots and added that progress had been made in the investigation of the Pir Wadhai blast.
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- Gaurav Ahluwalia will be leaving soon for his next assignment as Ambassador of India to the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria
NEW DELHI – Diplomat Suresh Kumar has been appointed as the new Charge d’Affaires at the Pakistan High Commission of India.
He is expected to take up the assignment in Islamabad shortly. Suresh is a 2006 batch Indian Foreign Service officer and has worked as deputy secretary at the Pakistan desk in the Ministry of External Affairs.
Current Charge d’Affaires at the High Commission of India, Islamabad, Gaurav Ahluwalia will be leaving soon for his next assignment as Ambassador of India to the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria.
Gaurav Ahluwalia had replaced JP singh as deputy head of mission. But due to Pakistan, India tensions, the Indian High Commissioner Ajay Bisaria had to leave Pakistan. Consequently, Gaurav was tasked to act as Charge d Affaires.
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ISLAMABAD, DEC 13 - Ambassador of Azerbaijan Ali Alizada along with his embassy staff paid homage to the great leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev during a ceremony.
The ambassador also laid floral wreath and later offered dua. The staff of the embassy also joined the Ambassador in this ceremony and all of them offered dua for the national leader.
Talking about the national leader Ambassador Alizada said, National leader devoted his whole life to prosperity and well-being of our nations and they hold a special place in the history of our countries.
He said one of the main pillars of their policy for the progress of our societies and countries was the development of education and the correct assessment of its importance.
‘Heydar Aliyev paid great attention to the development of science and education and took important steps aimed at developing the scientific and education system of the country based on advanced principles.
The education reforms carried out by him in our country since gaining independence had global nature and covered all its aspects and are continued by present leadership of country as well.’
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COURTESY DNA NEWS
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TANGKAK, DEC 13 — The government has plans to increase its purchase of the Covid-19 vaccine to cover the immunisation needs of about 60-70 per cent of Malaysians compared to 30 per cent currently.
Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin said this was because some nations had purchased doses exceeding their population.
“As for Malaysia, we have already got 30 per cent. I have instructed Health Minister Datuk Seri Dr Adham Baba along with Khairy Jamaluddin Abu Bakar (Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation) to negotiate and increase it from 30 per cent to 60 or 70 per cent.
“So far, this has been the advice of Health Ministry if it can be increased to that number, then more people will be protected from the Covid-19 virus,” he said in his speech at the Gambir state constituency Deepavali 2020 celebrations here today.
Muhyiddin, who is also Gambir assemblyman, said suppliers have also been asked to expedite delivery of the vaccine, which is scheduled to arrive in March.
“(Whether the vaccine is) effective of not, let’s not get the people upset with the Prime Minister (for not purchasing enough) the others have purchased, so I am also doing the same we will quickly buy more,” he said.
“I also told the ministers to inform the suppliers to expedite delivery this (matter) is of most importance,” the Pagoh member of parliament said.
On Nov 24, the government, through the health ministry, signed a preliminary purchasing agreement with pharmaceutical company Pfizer to obtain 12.8 million doses of Covid-19 vaccines to meet the immunisation needs of 20% or 6.4 million Malaysians.
Two days before that, an agreement with the COVAX facility was also signed to meet the immunisation needs of another 10 per cent of Malaysians.
Meanwhile, the prime minister also instructed Covid-19 temporary hospitals to be reopened in view of the high number of new cases in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Negeri Sembilan, Johor and several other areas.
“This means that although the measures taken by the government have been quite effective when compared to other countries, we have to yet to overcome the pandemic.
“We have not been able to flatten the curve, and according to projections, this could take a very long time,” he said.
Muhyiddin said he has been chairing National Security Council meetings on Covid-19 from the first day he clocked in as prime minister without proper rest.
“Today as well without rest. As long as the people are facing danger in the form of Covid-19, I will not rest. I will continue working, managing Covid-19 and the country’s economy,” he said.
Meanwhile, Muhyiddin said the government was conducting a comprehensive study on the number of Malaysians who had fallen below the poverty line as a result of the pandemic.
“The poverty line income has been raised to RM2,208 and when it is raised many will fall into the B40 group.. the poor and hardcore poor.
“When Covid-19 happened, many could not work or conduct business even if it’s just a stall...income fell and companies stopped hiring too,” he added.
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COURTESY malaymail.com
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The first Pakistani to be awarded the Nobel Prize for his contribution to the electroweak unification theory, Dr Abdul Salam's house in Britain has been declared a national heritage site by the United Kingdom government.
Founder of the Theoretical Physics Department at Imperial College London, the scientist resided there from 1957 till 1996, when he passed away.
Recently, the English Heritage unveiled a Blue Plaque which was installed outside his former home.
"Abdus Salam 1926-1996, Physicist, Nobel Laureate and Champion of Science in developing countries, lived here," it read.
Professor Michael Duff who completed his PhD in 1972 under the supervision of Professor Salam, too commented on the acknowledgement, praising his mentor whole-heartedly.
“A blue plaque on the house in Putney where he lived for 40 years is a fitting tribute to Nobel Laureate Abdus Salam, who was not only one of the finest scientists of the twentieth century, having unified two of the four fundamental forces of nature, but who also dedicated his life to the betterment of science and education in the developing world,” he said.
Professor Ian Walmsley, another one his students and now a provost at Imperial, deemed Salam's contribution to the subject profound, calling his "commitment to science deep, as exemplified by his founding of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, which has the aim of building science capability and capacity in the developing world.”
His son Ahmad Salam, said the words on the plaque would have made his father very happy. "For him, above all else, that was the legacy he wanted to impart."
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COURTESY DAWN NEWS
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- Govt says people from outside city won’t be stopped from joining rally
- PML-N workers break locks of Minar-i-Pakistan’s main gate, make arrangements for event
LAHORE, DEC 13 - The 11-party opposition alliance, the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM), is all geared up for putting up its much-hyped “power show” at Minar-i-Pakistan here on Sunday (today), the last one in its first phase of anti-government rallies that began three months ago.
The PDM is expected to announce the “decisive phase” of its struggle against the Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) led government in this public meeting.
A senior PML-N leader told Dawn that the next phase of its struggle would begin in January in which the PDM had planned 16 more rallies across the country before the final showdown — a long march on Islamabad and resignations from the national and provincial assemblies.
“We expect that some ‘behind the scenes’ development may take place in January before the PDM goes for a long march,” he said.
The PDM has planned a long march in February if the PTI government does not buckle to the pressure exerted by the opposition alliance.
However, no consensus seems to be in sight over resignations from the national and provincial assemblies at the moment because PPP is still reluctant to say goodbye to the Sindh government.
This matter has been deferred for the time being and the PDM is concentrating on protest rallies.
The government on the other hand appears to have changed at the last minute its strategy to handle Sunday’s rally. The government said it would not stop the people coming from other cities from joining the rally, giving an opportunity to the opposition parties to match Imran Khan’s Oct 2011 public meeting at the same venue.
The PML-N expressed its doubts over the government’s intentions to give the PDM free hand to hold the public meeting. “It will be clear on Sunday morning whether the PTI government allows our caravans from other parts of the country to enter Lahore. At this moment we have reports that police have been put on alert and containers placed at different points, including motorways,” PML-N lawmaker Samiullah Khan told Dawn.
He said in case the government stopped PDM workers from entering Lahore, they would hold a sit-in outside the city.
“As far as our preparations are concerned, today's power show will be historic, setting a new record in terms of number of participants,” Mr Khan said.
This is the first time in the recent history of the country that the PML-N is going to hold a public meeting at Minar-i-Pakistan, the first rally at this venue for the de-facto president of PML-N Maryam Nawaz.
Earlier she had held corner meetings in the 14 constituencies of Lahore to mobilise the party workers. She had pleaded the people to come out of their houses and reach Minar-i-Pakistan on Sunday so that the PDM could manage to send the government home.
Similarly, it will be the first appearance of PPP chairman Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari at a political gathering at Minar-i-Pakistan. Going there would revive the memories of his mother Benazir Bhutto’s historic public meeting at Minar-i-Pakistan in 1986.
Both the PML-N and PPP leaders Dawn spoke to on Saturday emphasised the significance of public meetings at Minar-i-Pakistan. “Benazir Bhutto’s historical power show at the venue in 1986 is remembered even today,” a PPP leader said.
And similarly, Imran Khan’s 2011 successful public meeting at Minar-i-Pakistan made him a popular leader, he added.
“For the PDM and particularly the PML-N, Minar-i-Pakistan’s Sunday rally is a matter of do or die. In case of failure to put up a big show in terms of the number of participants, the anti-government campaign will fizzle out,” the PPP leader said and expressed the hope that the PDM would manage to prove its mettle on Sunday.
On Saturday a good number of PML-N workers reached Minar-i-Pakistan, broke the locks of its main gate and placed chairs and installed lights at its ground. Some PML-N leaders also visited the venue and oversaw the preparations. Maryam Nawaz also reached there late on Saturday night to take a look at the arrangements.
As many as 3,000 volunteers of the Ansarul Islam, the volunteer wing of the JUI-F, will provide security cover to the rally. A separate gate has been allocated for women participants.
Meanwhile, Punjab Chief Minister Usman Buzdar asked the PDM to delay its Minar-i-Pakistan rally in light of “terror threat alerts” and the coronavirus situation. “I ask the opposition to resolve issues through talks; to discuss the issues through dialogue and not by playing with people’s lives,” Mr Buzdar said while talking to reporters.
He said the opposition should realise that current Covid-19 situation in Lahore was “very grave” and the positivity rate of coronavirus was more than 46 per cent.
Provincial Law Minister Basharat Raja said the government had given permission to the PDM to hold a rally at Minar-i-Pakistan but “action will be taken against those who will take law into their hands”.
Special Assistant to the CM on Information Firdous Ashiq Awan said in a tweet that according to intelligence reports, there was a terror threat to the PDM rally. Besides gathering of more than 300 people is a violation of Covid-19 standard operating procedures. “If any untoward incident takes place at the PDM rally, the opposition parties will be responsible for it,” she warned.
The Lahore police also issued terror threat alerts to Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari and Maryam Nawaz.
Meanwhile, Mr Bhutto-Zardari who is in Lahore, said the strategy of the second phase of the democratic struggle against the selected government of Imran Khan would be announced on Sunday at Minar-i-Pakistan. He called on every PPP worker in the city to attend the public meeting.
“Jiyalas of PPP fought against the dictatorship of Gen Ayub Khan and Gen Ziaul Haq. They were lashed but refused to give in. They sacrificed their lives in the struggle for democracy. They know how to fight dictators. The blood of jiyalas has kept democracy alive in this country. They know how to start and finish a long march, they know how train marches are organised and they know how to root out the tyrants,” he said.
Mr Bhutto-Zardari said the PPP was fighting for democracy from the platform of the PDM and this would be a decisive struggle for democracy in the country. “We will restore real democracy in Pakistan. We want the people to decide about the economic policy and other policies of the country. We want the people to decide their future themselves. We will install a people’s government after dislodging this puppet and selected government. We will form a government which will fulfill the promises of Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto,” he said.
Speaking to reporters at Minar-i-Pakistan, PML-N information secretary Marriyum Aurangzeb said: “No matter what the imposed regime of selected PM Khan does, Today’s public meeting will take place come what may.”
She said the people of Pakistan did not need to worry about the fascist tactics of this regime because the PDM would now rest only after sending the sugar and wheat thieves home. “Dec 13 is the decisive day of sending the sugar, wheat, flour, medicine, electricity, gas thieves and lying, incompetent and corrupt hoard of looters back to their homes,” she said.
Arrests condemned
Supreme Court Bar Association (SCBA) President Latif Afridi and former president Syed Qalbe Hassan on Saturday condemned what they called unwarranted arrests of political workers in the wake of the PDM rally in Lahore.
In a statement, they demanded immediate release of all political workers of PDM since they had been unlawfully arrested.
Mr Afridi said the people had the right to peacefully protest and hold demonstrations and the government had no justification to oppress peaceful political workers and protestors.
He said any aggression perpetrated against peaceful political workers was against constitutional, democratic and human values.
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COURTESY DAWN NEWS
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Saturday, 12 December 2020
OSLO – The Norwegian government is providing an additional NOK 602 million in innovation support to 66 companies across the country through the Research Council.
“There is a tremendous development of knowledge in Norwegian companies, and we must support this to ensure sustainable growth and increased competitiveness,” Minister of Trade and Industry Iselin Nybø (V) said in a press release.
The support goes to companies in the health, technology, tourism, agriculture, and aquaculture sectors.
Start-ups, small, medium, and large companies will receive funding.
The new support is in addition to almost NOK 1.7 billion that have previously been allocated to innovation projects in the business sector. These have gone to 164 companies.
Thus, this year, around NOK 450 million more has been allocated for innovation support compared to 2019.
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COURTESY NORWAY TODAY
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